The United Kingdom general election of
2017 is scheduled to take
place on 8 June 2017. Each of the 650 parliamentary constituencies will elect one Member of Parliament
(MP) to the House of
Commons, the lower house of
Parliament.
In line
with the Fixed-term
Parliaments Act 2011, an election had not been due until 7 May 2020,
but a call for a snap election by
Prime Minister Theresa May received
the necessary two-thirds majority in
a 522 to 13 vote in the House of Commons on 19 April 2017.
The Conservative Party,
which has governed since 2015 (and as a senior coalition partner from 2010), is defending a
majority of 12 against the Labour Party, the official opposition. The third largest party, the Scottish National Party,
won 56 of the 59 Scottish constituencies in 2015. The Liberal Democrats,
and the Northern Irish Democratic Unionist Party,
are the fourth and fifth largest parties, with 9 and 8 seats respectively.
Negotiation
positions following Britain's invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union in March 2017 toleave the EU are
expected to feature in the election campaign as well as the normal major issues
of the economy, education, jobs and the NHS. Opinion polling for
the popular
vote since the
election was called has given May's Conservatives a lead over Labour led by
Jeremy Corbyn.
Campaigning
was temporarily suspended by all major parties from 23 May to 24 May following
a suicide
bombing during a concert at
the Manchester Arena that
killed 22 people and injured 119 others.
Contents
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·
8Notes
Electoral system[edit]
Each parliamentary constituency of the United Kingdom elects one MP to
the House of Commons using the "first past the
post" system. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then
that party is entitled to form the Government,
with its leader as Prime
Minister. If the election results in no single party having a
majority, then there is a hung parliament. In this case, the options for
forming the Government are either a minority government or a coalition government.[1]
Because
the postponed Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies is not due to report until 2018[2] the
general election will take place under existing boundaries, enabling comparisons
with the results by constituency in 2015.
Voting
eligibility[edit]
·
on the Electoral
Register;
·
aged 18 or over on polling day;
·
a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen;
·
a resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living
abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years),[n 3] and;
·
not legally excluded from voting (for example a convicted person
detained in prison or a mental hospital, or unlawfully at large if he/she would
otherwise have been detained,[5]or a person found guilty of
certain corrupt or illegal practices[6]).
Individuals
must be registered
to vote by midnight
twelve working days before polling day (22 May).[7][8] Anyone
who qualifies as an anonymous elector has until midnight on 31 May to
register.[n 4] A
person who has two homes (such as a university student who has a term-time
address and lives at home during holidays) may be able to register to vote at
both addresses as long as they are not in the same electoral area, but can vote
in only one constituency at
the general election.[10]
On 18
May, The Independent reported
that more than 1.1 million people between 18 and 35 had registered to vote
since the election was announced on 18 April. Of those, 591,730 were under the
age of 25.[11]
Date of the election[edit]
The Fixed-term
Parliaments Act 2011 introduced
fixed-term Parliaments to the United Kingdom, with elections scheduled every
five years following the general
election on 7 May 2015.[12] This
removed the power of the Prime Minister, using the royal
prerogative, to dissolve Parliament before its five-year maximum
length.[12] The Act
permits early dissolution if the House of Commons votes by a supermajority of
two-thirds.
On 18
April 2017, the Prime Minister Theresa May announced
she would seek an election on 8 June.[13] May had
previously indicated she had no plan to call a snap election.[14][15]A House of
Commons motion to
allow this was passed on 19 April, with 522 votes for and 13 against, a
majority of 509, meeting the required two-thirds majority.[16] The
motion was supported by the Conservatives, Labour, the Liberal Democrats and
the Greens while the SNP abstained.[13] Nine
Labour MPs, one SDLP MP and three independents (Sylvia Hermon and
two former SNP MPs, Natalie McGarry and Michelle Thomson) voted against the motion.[17]
Labour
leader Jeremy Corbyn supported
the early election,[18] as did
Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron and
the Green
Party.[19][20] The SNP
stated that it was in favour of fixed-term parliaments, so abstained in the
House of Commons vote.[21] UKIP
leader Paul Nuttall and First Minister of Wales Carwyn Jones criticised
the timing of the election as opportunistic by May, motivated by the apparent
weakness of the Labour Party in opposition.[22][23]
On 25
April, the election date was confirmed as 8 June,[24] with dissolution on
3 May. The government announced it intends for the next parliament to assemble
on 13 June with thestate opening on 19 June.[25]
Timetable[edit]
|
18 April
|
Prime Minister Theresa May announced her intention to hold a
snap election
|
|
19 April
|
MPs voted to dissolve
Parliament
|
|
22 April
|
|
|
25 April
|
Royal Proclamation under
section 2(7) of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act, 2011 issued by HM The Queen
on the advice of the Prime Minister[24]
|
|
27 April
|
Second session of Parliament prorogued
|
|
3 May
|
Formal dissolution of Parliament (in order for election
to take place on 8 June) and official start of 'short' campaigning
|
|
3 May
|
|
|
4 May
|
Local
elections (were
already scheduled, are not part of the general election)
|
|
11 May
|
Deadline (4pm) for the delivery
of candidate nomination papers
|
|
11 May
|
Deadline (5pm) for the
publication of Statements of Persons Nominated (or 4 pm on 12 May if
objections were received)
|
|
11 May
|
|
|
22 May
|
|
|
23 May
|
|
|
31 May
|
Deadline (5pm) to apply for a proxy
vote,[30][31] and last day to register
to vote as an anonymous elector[n 4]
|
|
8 June
|
Polling day (polling stations open at 7 am and
close at 10 pm or once voters present in a queue at/outside the polling
station at 10 pm have cast their vote).[32]Counting
of votes begins no
later than 2 am on 9 June.[33]
|
|
13 June
|
Parliament re-assembles
|
|
19 June
|
State Opening of Parliament
|
Parties and candidates[edit]
Most
candidates are representatives of a political party, which must be registered
with the Electoral
Commission. Candidates who do not belong to a registered party can
use an "independent" label or no label at all. Parties in the tables
below are sorted by their results in the 2015
general election.
The
leader of the party commanding a majority of support in the House of Commons is
the person who is called on by the monarch to form a government as Prime
Minister, while the leader of the largest party not in government becomes the Leader of
the Opposition. Other parties also form shadow ministerial teams.
The leaders of the SNP and Plaid Cymru are not members of parliament, but
instead members of their respective devolved legislatures, and so these parties
have separate leaders in the House of Commons:Angus Robertson and Hywel Williams respectively.
|
Party
|
Party leader(s)
|
Leader since
|
Leader's seat
|
Last election
|
||
|
% of
votes |
Seats
|
|||||
|
36.8%
|
330
|
|||||
|
30.4%
|
232
|
|||||
|
4.7%
|
56
|
|||||
|
7.9%
|
8
|
|||||
|
March 2012
|
0.6%
|
3
|
||||
|
12.7%
|
1
|
|||||
|
Brighton Pavilion
None |
3.8%
|
1
|
||||
|
Other parties contesting: see United
Kingdom general election, 2017 § Candidates
|
||||||
The Conservative Party and the Labour Party have
been the two biggest parties since 1922,
and have supplied all Prime
Ministers since 1935.
Both parties have changed their leader since the 2015
election. David Cameron, who had been the leader of the
Conservative Party since 2005 and
Prime Minister since 2010,
was replaced in July 2016 byTheresa May following the referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European
Union. Jeremy Corbyn replaced Ed Miliband as Leader of
the Labour Party andLeader of
the Opposition in
September 2015 and was re-elected leader in September 2016.
While
the Liberal Democrats and their predecessors had long been
the third-largest party in British politics, they returned only 8 MPs in
2015–49 fewer than at the previous election, far below the Scottish National Party (SNP) and with fewer votes than the UK Independence Party (UKIP). Tim Farron became
the Liberal Democrat leader in July 2015, following the resignation of Nick Clegg. Led by First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon, the SNP stand only in Scotland and
won 56 of 59 Scottish seats in 2015.
UKIP,
then led by Nigel Farage, who was later replaced by Diane James and
then by Paul Nuttall in
2016, won 12.7% of the vote in 2015 but gained only one MP, Douglas Carswell, who left the party in March 2017 to
sit as an independent. After securing 3.8% of the vote and one MP in the
previous general election, Green Party leader Natalie Bennett was
succeeded by joint leaders Caroline Lucas and Jonathan Bartley in
September 2016.
A
number of parties that contested the previous election chose not to stand
candidates, including Mebyon Kernow, the Communist Party of Britain,
the Scottish Socialist Party,
and the National Front.[34][35][36]
Northern Ireland
|
Party
|
Leader(s)
|
Leader since
|
Leader's seat
|
Last election
|
||
|
%
(in NI) |
Seats
|
|||||
|
December 2015
|
25.7%
|
8
|
||||
|
November 1983
|
24.5%
|
4
|
||||
|
13.9%
|
3
|
|||||
|
16.0%
|
2
|
|||||
|
October 2016
|
8.6%
|
0
|
||||
|
Other parties contesting: see United
Kingdom general election, 2017 § Candidates
|
||||||
In Northern Ireland, the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), Sinn Féin, the Social
Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP),
and the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), who all won seats in 2015, and
the Alliance
Party (APNI), which
contested all 18 Northern Irish seats and achieved 8.6% of the vote, will
contest the 2017 election. Sinn Féin are expected to continue its abstentionist policy
to not take seats won in the election.[37] Compared
to the previous election, the DUP, Sinn Fein, SDLP, UUP and APNI are all led by
new party leaders. The Conservatives, Greens, and four other minor parties are
also standing. Despite contesting 10 seats last time, UKIP are not standing in
Northern Ireland.[38]
Candidates[edit]
3,304
candidates are standing, down from 3,631 in the previous general election. The
Conservatives are standing in 637 seats, Labour in 631 (including jointly with the Co-operative Party in 50[39]) and the Liberal Democrats in
629. UKIP are standing in 377 constituencies, down from 624 in 2015, while the
Greens are standing in 468, down from 573. The SNP are contesting all 59
Scottish seats and
Plaid Cymru are standing in all 40 Welsh
seats.[40] In
Great Britain 183 candidates are standing as independents;
minor parties including the Christian Peoples Alliance are standing in 31 seats, the Yorkshire Party in
21, the Official
Monster Raving Loony Party in
12, the British National Party in 10, thePirate Party in
10, the English Democrats in
7, the Women's Equality Party in 7, the Social Democratic Party in 6, the National Health Action
Party in 5, and the Workers
Revolutionary Party in
5, while an additional 79 candidates are standing for 46 other registered
political parties.[39]
In
Wales, 213 candidates are standing. Labour, Conservatives, Plaid Cymru and
Liberal Democrats will contest all 40 seats and there are 32 UKIP and 10 Green
candidates.[41] In
Scotland the SNP, the Conservatives, Labour and the Liberal Democrats are
standing in all 59 seats while UKIP are contesting 10 seats and the Greens only
3.[42]
Of the
109 candidates in Northern Ireland, Sinn Féin, the SDLP and the Alliance are
contesting all 18 seats; the DUP are standing in 17, the UUP in 14, and the Conservatives andGreens in 7 each. People
Before Profit and the Workers' Party are contesting two seats while Traditional Unionist Voice and the new Citizens
Independent Social Thought Allianceare standing in one each; four
independents including incumbent Sylvia Hermon are
also standing.[38]
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_2017
original source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_2017
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